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each person with the new coronavirus could infect between two and four people without effective containment
measures. The incubation period for COVID-19 is also relatively long compared to other diseases, with estimates
running from 2- 14 days from the time of exposure to when the individual shows symptoms. With concerns about
the spread of the disease and the length of the incubation period, many countries have implemented quarantines.
The quarantines vary broadly, including limitations on entering the country to full regional or national quarantines
of the population. Recently, the Italian government declared the entire country a "red zone," meaning people
should stay home except for work and emergencies.
By comparison, other pathogens more easily travel through the air for longer distances, such as up to 30 meters
for tuberculosis, chickenpox and measles. With the SARS coronavirus in 2003, world health authorities were able
to eventually track and isolate cases. The result was to bring the average number each sick person infected down
to 0.4, suppressing the outbreak.
Health and public officials have responded in several cases by canceling spectator events that would bring large
groups of individuals into close proximity to each other. As examples:
• The BNP Paribas Open, a main tennis tournament held in Indian Wells, CA for the Association of Tennis
Professionals and Women’s Tennis Association, was canceled due to due to concerns surrounding the
coronavirus and the safety of the participants and attendees at the event.
• Several Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) Champions League matches, which often feature
large fanbases travelling across Europe to support their teams, will be played behind closed doors without
spectators in attendance.
• The South by Southwest music, film and technology festival, held annually in Austin, TX has been canceled
due to concerns about the coronavirus.
Section 3: Economic and Asset Impact
Macroeconomic Variables
With COVID- 19 impacting business around the world, domestic and international financial markets have reacted
to reflect potential lower levels of economic activity.
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics released its initial report for February 2020 on March 6 and noted that the U.S.
labor markets were little changed from previous months. Nonfarm payroll employment rose by 273,000 in
February, the unemployment rate was relatively unchanged at 3.5%, and the number of unemployed persons in
the U.S. remained at 5.8 million. This reflected the continuing general steadiness within the U.S. labor market
prior to trade and commerce disruptions that resulted as impacts of COVID-19 emerged in international trade.
On Tuesday March 3, in an attempt to limit the economic and financial fallout from COVID-19, the Federal Reserve
reduced the benchmark U.S. interest rate by half a percentage point to just below 1.25%, down from about 1.75%.
As the impact of the epidemic was seen to impact global economic activity, the Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development estimated that global growth could slow to 1.5% in 2020. This was approximately
half the rate it projected in November 2019. Similarly, the International Monetary Fund indicated it expected
global growth could slow to 2.9%, following an estimation of 3.3% in January 2020.